Process of manufacturing gas



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W.. M. GOSH. PROCESS OFMANUPAOTURING GAS.

No. 402,146; Patented Apr. 30, 1889..

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- W. M. GOSH.

PROGESS 0P MANUFACTURING GAS.

Nb.40 2,146. Patented Apr. 30, 1889.

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UNITED STATES PATENT ()FFICE.

WILLIAM M. oosn, or BALTIMORE, MARYLAND.

PROCESS OF MANUFACTURING GAS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 402,146, dated April 30, 1889. Application filed October 19,1888. Serial No. 288,603. (No model.)

To aZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM M. GOSH, of Baltimore, in the State of Maryland, have invented a new and useful Improvement in the Process of Manufacturing Gas; and I do hereilluminating gas.

The apparatus is necessary for the carrying out of the met-hodhereinafter claimed, although capable of use in other ways. It is shown in the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 represents theapparatus partly in sect-ion, taken centrally and vertically from side to side, and partly in side elevation. Fig.

2 is a plan view of the apparatus, and Fig. 3

a rear view. Fig. 4 is a detail view.

In the figures, A represents a generator, provided with a cover, a, and adapted to receive a charge of coal. Below thegrate M is a pipe, f, to admit the air-blast, with'a steam-supply, g, connected therewith, having a stop-cock, g. 011 each side of the gen erator is placed a chamber adapted toact as a fixing-chamber or as a superheater, one being marked 13 and the other B. These are to be filled with pieces of brick or any suitable refractory material, through which the steam may freely pass and be heated in its passage. These superheaters have each a combustion-chamber, h, in the base, with passages therefrom to the superheating and fixing chamber above, and with an air-supply pipe, i, having a suitable valve (not shown) for regulating or cutting off the supply of air. These superheaters or fixing-chambers have suitable covers 011 the tops. The combustion chambers underneath are connected by the pipes O 0 directly with the space in the generator beneath the grate M, and these pipes are provided with valves 0 c. From the pipes G '0 vertical pipes D D extend to branches E E, which connect them with the upper part of the generator. In the upper ends of the pipes D D are valvesb b, by means of which communication between the upper part of the generator and the combustion-chambers of the superheaters can be obstructed, while the valves 0 o" serve to cut off connection between the lower part of the generator and the combustion-chambers. Another set ofpipes connect the upper part of the superheaters and the generator with the Washbox W. Of these pipes H H are exit-pipes from the superheaters. They extend from the upper parts of the superb eaters and are turned to meet in a pipe, G, which is the exit from the generator, and extends down, therefore, to the wash-box \V, the entrance to the generator being shown at G. The pipes H H have valves d and d, respectively, by means of which communication may be shut oif between the upper part of the superheaters and the wash-box or upper part of the generator. A valve, 6, in the upper extension of the pipe G above its junction with the pipes H and H closes this passage when the valves (1 and d are open. I11 addition to the steam-sup ply pipe g, there is a second, is, and a third, is,

1n the. pipes II and H, respectively, and a fourth, m, in the upper extension of the pipe G above the valve e. These steam-pipes all have stop-cocks and suitable connections with a steam-generator. (Not shown.) In addition to these pipes is a passage, m entering the pipe 117., as shown, for supplying naphtha or other liquid hydrocarbon. The passage of the steam tends to force the naphtha into the upper part of the generator, preferably through a passage formed in the wall of the pipe G, as shownin detail, Fig. 4; but the pipe on, if desired, may enter directly into the interior of the pipe G. In the same Way a hydrocarbomsupply pipe, m is joined to the steam-pipe 9, leading to the bottom of the generator, so that hydrocarbon may be supplied either above or below the coal.

Supposing the generator be charged with coal and the cover of the generator be secured in place and the covers of the superheaters be removed, the valves 1) b are opened and the valves 0 a and d d and e are closed. The valve of the blast-pipe f is opened and the air admitted at the bottom of the generator and to the combustion-chambers h and 7z.- While this access of air is bringing the mass of coal in the generator to anincandescent condition the carbonic oxide and unconsumed carbon in the products of combustion are carried through the pipes E E, D D, and C C to the combustion-chamber h h',where they meet an additional supply of air and undergo complete combustion, the products thereof passing through among the refractory contents of the superheaters. This brings the refractory material within the superheaters up to an intense heat. When the coal within the generator has been brought to a state of thorough incandescence, the covers of the superheaters (if both are used) are secured in place, the air is cut off at the bottom of the generator and superheater, the valves d d in the outletpipes are open, and steam without the hydrocarbon is admitted at the bottom of the generator. This passes through the body of incandescent coal, and by removal of its oxygen is converted to a hydrogen gas, which takes up the hydrocarbon introduced at the top, and the whole passes through the pipes E E and their connections to the bottom of the superheaters, through the superheaters, acting then as fixing-chambers, and thence to the wash-box. The direction of the current in this method may be reversed and the steam without the hydrocarbon is introduced at the top of the generator. This forces its way down through the coal, acting on the upper surface most forcibly, instead of the lower, as before. In its passage it is converted into hydrogen gas, as before, takes up the hydrocarbon introduced below, and passes through the pipes O G to the fixing-chambers, when the action is the same as above described. This requires, manifestly, the closing of the pipes E E D D and the opening of O O.

This apparatus may be made to operate in two directions in a single heat for the production of hydrocarbon gas, or the direction of the current m y be reversed in the manner above described as many times as may be desired, as after the supply of coal has been exhausted it may be renewed and brought to a proper condition, as at first described.

The general plan of passing the hydrogen gas through incandescent coal and then adding hydrocarbon vapor, and afterward fixing this gas and vapor, is not new and not my invention. It is also obvious that hydrocarbon may be introduced at other points, as into the pipes leading from the generator to the superheaters. Nor do I broadly claim the method of using steam in reverse directions in connection with incandescent coal, this in other connections being shown in the patent of Wilkinson, granted by the United States Patent Office, August 24, 1886, No. 348,178.

I claim as my invention- The hereinbefore-described method of producing gas at a single heat, consisting in first passing steam through a superheater, and thence directly through an incandescent mass of coal, then causing the resultant gases to take up hydrocarbon vapor, and subsequently passing the gases and vapor through a fixingchamber, then reversing the current of steam and passing it through the chamber first used as a fixing-chamber, then through the incandescent coal in a direction opposite to that first mentioned, then causing it to take up hydrocarbon, and, finally, passing the gases and vapor through the chamber first used as a superheater, all as set forth.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

WILLIAM M. GOSH.

Witnesses:

THOS. KELL BRADFORD, H. E. LOANE. 

